temporal arteritis and drinking alcohol

Even in (short-lived) stretches of sobriety, I still wake up feeling hungover. Myositis Center News Longer treatment periods are not uncommon. This Dr. Axe content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure factually accurate information. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Ending the Opioid Crisis - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition. While I want to encourage people to live their lives despite their autoimmune disease, some medications have dire side effects when mixed with alcohol. 2014;40(2):155-175. doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2014.01.001. . Quantifyingthe hepatotoxic risk of alcohol consumption in patients with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate. Quitting unhealthy habits such as smoking and excessively drinking alcohol is critical for the effective treatment of both stress and temporal arteritis. Dirty Dozen List: Are You Eating the Most Pesticide-Laden Produce? Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, is a condition where inflammation of the lining of the arteries causes swelling inside the arteries.This can cut off the blood supply to organs and tissues in the body. Glutathione: A key player in autoimmunity. DISCUSSION But even if you down a bevy of sugary beverages and wake up with a raging headache and another unhinged Instagram story remember youre allowed to make mistakes, too. Medium clinical suspicion is classified as meeting any one of the highest specificity criteria or having anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. It can also improve your underlying health. Both of these conditions can be fatal, so it is important to know the risks and, Feeling of heaviness, cramping, and fatigue in leg muscles, Leg sores that do not heal properly or at all, our goal is make sure you have a healthy vascular system.Our. 1996-2023 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. These figures are commonly used to describe drinking habits, but it is always important to speak with your doctor for more information. How Much Alcohol Should You Drink? Prescription-strength ibuprofen and other NSAIDs are associated with an increased risk for GI bleeding that can become worse when combined with alcohol. Perricone C, et al. Patient fact sheet: Giant cell arteritis. The most commonly affected joint is the big toe. Do not attempt to manage temporal arteritis without the guidance of a healthcare professional. If you are warned by someone that they are sick, thank them and avoid close contact. But even with treatment, relapses are common. Temporal arteritis diagnosis should not be done on your own, since it shares symptoms with many other conditions. Several factors can increase your risk of developing giant cell arteritis, including: Giant cell arteritis can cause serious complications, including: Aortic aneurysm. Vasculitis can affect both small or large arteries. In the early days of my illness, it seemed about every person Ive ever made eye contact with had some secret diet that cured their mothers cousins best friends favorite bloggers daughters autoimmune disease. It can also still be part of your lifestyle if you have an autoimmune disease. Because the immune system is triggered in different ways, consistent alcohol can lead to increased inflammatory cell responses. If a patient has arthritis and taking DMARDs, they should not consume any type of alcohol as it could increase the risk of liver disease.. In addition to double vision, your vision could suddenly become blurry under normal light conditions or you could have trouble seeing at night. Your body is already destroying itself for no reason. An aortic aneurysm might burst, causing life-threatening internal bleeding. It looks as though you are already registered. Treatment of patients with TA is critical to avoid vision loss, and therapy should be initiated based on clinical suspicion, not biopsy results. The authors developed the following criteria for evaluation of patients: (1) clinical suspicion, (2) laboratory testing and (3) temporal artery biopsy. The study recommended that people with gout should limit all types of alcohol intake to reduce the risk of the attacks. High sugar intake worsens autoimmune disease in mice. Some patients have many of these symptoms; others have only a few. Colorful fruits and vegetables (variety is key! Giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatic: Current challenges and opportunities. While people on prednisone do experience a rapid improvement of their inflammatory symptoms (as quickly as 1 to 3 days most times), the medication has a number of side effects. Although giant cell arteritis accounts for only 2% of all fever of unknown origin, it accounts for 16% of fever of unknown origin in patients over age 65 years and is often associated with rigors and sweats. See a healthcare professional urgently if you have any symptoms of temporal arteritis. Likewise, a healthy diet can replace the nutrients you may lose due to your medications. Evaluation of patients with TA is thus based on symptoms, laboratory values, temporal artery biopsy and clinical suspicion. Temporal arteritis is a potentially serious condition with many complications if left untreated. Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis, formerly Churg-Strauss Syndrome (EGPA), Johns Hopkins Lyme Disease Research Center. 10 Booze Alternatives That Arent a Shirley Temple, What Is Mindful Drinking? There was a study of 724 participants with gout, and it concluded that moderate amounts of alcoholic beverages, regardless of the type, increased the risk of gout attacks. Ann Rheum Dis. Sudden, painless visual disturbance including temporary or permanent loss of vision in one eye or rarely both eyes. Psoriasis is an inflammatory immune-mediated disease. In inflammatory conditions, red blood cells settle more quickly than in noninflammatory states. It looks like you are an existing patient. Now you may be wondering, how is one drink measured? The breakdown is: Excessive drinking is usually classified as 3 or more drinks a day for women, or 4 or more drinks a day for men. Fight osteoporosis naturally by exercising and: Some medications for temporal arteritis weaken your immune system. (2018). All information contained within the Johns Hopkins Vasculitis website is intended for educational purposes only. Giant cell arteritis Inflammation of the blood vessels in the upper body including the head, temporal lobes and neck. Pros and cons and its effect on arthritis medications. Information from the Division of Rheumatology Many patients experience: To reduce your risk of developing PAD, it is important to monitor your alcohol consumption and maintain a healthy lifestyle. People who regularly drink heavily are more at-risk for experiencing a heart attack or stroke. They are also used to relieve headaches and reduce fevers. These parameters include age more than 50 years, a Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of more than 50 mm per hour and an abnormal temporal artery biopsy. Jaw pain that may become worse after chewing, Vision problems, such as double vision, blurry vision, or transient (brief) vision loss; if this is not treated, it could be followed by permanent, irreversible vision loss. However, polyphenol-rich dry red wine and clear liquors mixed with soda waters or lower sugar swaps, like some green juices, are your. These can include: The cause of temporal arteritis is the bodys own immune system. (2009). These are a few: Jaw claudication is pain or fatigue while chewing, often confused with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. https://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Giant-Cell-Arteritis. Drinking too much alcohol is bad for bone health, because it makes it harder for the body to use calcium to . Thinking about drinking? Consumers should never disregard medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something they may have read on this website. It causes inflammation, swelling, tenderness, and damage to the blood vessels that supply blood to the head, neck, upper body, and arms. An example of this is pictured below. ), Co-Director of the Johns Hopkins Vasculitis Center, for the Rheumatology Section of the Medical Knowledge Self-Assessment Program published and copyrighted by the American College of Physicians (Edition 11, 1998). The outlook for those with temporal arteritis is very good, unless the person has had a loss of vision. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease. However, we also know that other blood vessels, namely the aorta and its branches, can also become inflammed. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. If we combine this information with your protected Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with Neogi T, Chen C, Niu J, Chaisson C, Hunter DJ, Zhang Y. Our procedure is FDA-approved and will lower your risks for experiencing a heart attack, stroke, or leg amputation. Giant cell arteritis can begin suddenly or gradually with nonspecific symptoms such as malaise, weight loss, depression, and fatigue or with the classic symptoms of headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, visual changes, or polymyalgia rheumatica. Accessed Sept. 7, 2018. Whether it was keto, intermittent fasting, zero sugar, plant-based, all meat, or only water, all these diets contradicted each other. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Generally, signs and symptoms of giant cell arteritis include: Pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulders or hips are common symptoms of a related disorder, polymyalgia rheumatica. Drinking alcohol is linked with increasing the levels of fat in your blood, and when combined with a faster heartbeat leads to arteries clogged with plaque. Although immediate temporal artery biopsy has been preferred, one study suggests that biopsy remains positive within at least the first 2 weeks of corticosteroid therapy. A unilateral temporal artery biopsy should be performed, and treatment should be initiated if the biopsy is positive for TA. Excessive drinking can negatively impact your health leading to problems with your liver, stomach, brain, heart, and cardiovascular system.Your heart and brain are particularly vulnerable to the damaging effects of vascular disease caused by excessive alcohol consumption. Khan H, et al. There is no clear cause and no true cure, but fast medical treatment can help prevent serious complications. Docken WP, et al. What drinks are best? This content does not have an Arabic version. High clinical suspicion includes any one of these three criteria in a patient more than 50 years of age with an elevated ESR, or if three or more of the following four criteria are met: (1) new localized headache, (2) temporal artery abnormality, (3) elevated ESR (more than 50 mm per hour) and (4) abnormal temporal artery biopsy (e.g., necrotizing arteritis or multinucleated giant cells). Consuming alcohol should be taken into consideration for arthritis patients. The vasculitis that causes temporal arteritis can involve other blood vessels, such as the posterior ciliary arteries (leading to blindness), or large blood vessels like the aorta and its branches, which can also lead to serious health problems. Whatever you do, kicking tobacco for good has immediate and long-term benefits for your vascular health. Just like sugar, stress is also a massive risk factor for people with autoimmune diseases. . I'm under the age of 18 years old and I This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. The condition usually affects people over the age of 50. All rights reserved. Very rarely, the ESR may be normal, especially in patients who are already taking prednisone for allergic or respiratory diseases. Thankfully, certain tests can help distinguish between this disease and many problems that cause similar symptoms, such as migraines. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Studies have shown that individuals with gout who consume alcoholic beverages have an increased risk of a gout attack. From nonalcoholic beer (that actually tastes good), A new concept has captured the attention of people looking for a healthier relationship with alcohol but who dont feel like completely giving up. Your arteries may become swollen, narrow, and tender. . MOst patients have mild normochromic normocytic anemia, and 20% to 30% resemble the preceding patient in having mildly elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. Subclavian bruits, diminished pulses, aoritic regurgitation, or Raynauds phenomenon are found in patients with large vessel disease. There is a problem with Arthritis Center News Scheduling at your fingertips, 24/7. de Avelar CR, et al. Temporal arteritis is a condition that causes inflammation and swelling in one of the two temporal arteries on either side of your head. These include keyboards and computer mouses, doorknobs, faucet handles, light switches and other areas hands frequently touch. Mangnus L, et al. The average age at onset is 72, and almost all people with the disease are over the age of 50. The doctor will perform a physical examination and will check to see whether the patient's pulse is weak. (2017). Certain genes and environmental factors might increase your susceptibility to the condition. To avoid getting ill more often, try some of these tips: Inflammation plays an important role in temporal arteritis, as it does in many other vascular health problems and pain conditions. This helps fight the inflammation and may prevent further damage to your blood vessels. 2023 All Rights Reserved. Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis or cranial arteritis) is an inflammation of the lining of your arteries. Likewise, a healthy diet can replace the nutrients you may lose due to your medications. How Excessive Alcohol Use Can Damage Arteries, A stroke is caused when a clot, formed from excess fat in the bloodstream, breaks off and blocks the artery supplying blood to your brain. https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9615/giant-cell-arteritis. All rights reserved. Sugar. Our procedure is FDA-approved and will lower your risks for experiencing a heart attack, stroke, or leg amputation. Last medically reviewed on February 12, 2021. Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. Fundoscopic examination is normal in the first day or two after blindness develops. Theres no cure for Nijmegen breakage syndrome, but its complications can be treated. Herbs and supplements can interact with medications and cause their own side effects. In some cases, medium and large arteries in the shoulders, arms and other parts of the body are also affected. The American College of Physicians has given us permission to make this information available to patients contacting our Website. With appropriate therapy, GCAis an eminently treatable, controllable, and often curable disease. Afterwards, you will be prescribed a lower dose of steroids that you may take for several months to a year or more, until your symptoms go away. The most common symptoms of giant cell arteritis are head pain and tenderness often severe that usually affects both temples. This is a potentially serious condition with many complications if left untreated. information submitted for this request. Interested In It is difficult to get a straight answer when it comes to what is moderate drinking and what is heavy drinking. Giant cell arteritis frequently causes headaches, scalp tenderness, jaw pain and vision problems. MedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Steroid therapy should be initiated (even in the absence of an elevated ESR). https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. When you drink, alcohol is absorbed into your bloodstream and circulated throughout your body. Read this first. But we do not know why the immune system attack occurs when and where it does. Head pain can progressively worsen, come and go, or subside temporarily. 1996-2023 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Temporal arteritis is also called giant cell arteritis or Horton's arteritis. Although some studies share that moderate amounts of alcohol can help some symptoms of arthritis, it is not recommended to consume or start consuming alcohol. Medication-alcohol interactions are a more serious concern for those actively treating type 1 diabetes, lupus, or rheumatoid arthritis. If you make routine visits to a rheumatologist or endocrinologist, youve probably been preached some form of a restrictive diet. Temporal arteritis symptoms resemble those of many other conditions. Appointments & Access Contact Us Symptoms and Causes Diagnosis and Tests Management and Treatment Outlook / Prognosis Overview Joint pain and rheumatoid arthritis. Typically, treatment begins with 4060 mg of prednisone, taken by mouth each day. Effect of silymarin on biochemical indicators in patients with liver disease: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Thankfully, there are natural ways you may be able to improve your overall health, manage symptoms and fight drug side effects if you have temporal arteritis. If an individual is on any type of medication, alcohol consumption is not recommended. As soon as a doctor suspects you have temporal arteritis, you will likely be given a high dose of steroids. This leads to significant stiffness and pain. Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. Your email address will not be published. Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 01/28/2019. Alcohol is a source of purine which forms uric acid when it is broken down in the body. A high sugar intake may increase inflammation and exacerbate every symptom of your autoimmune disease. information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of A few patients with GCA do not have positive biopsies. Lyme Disease News For some it can cause complications such as increased inflammation and stomach bleedingdepending on the medication. (n.d.). Giant cell arteritis is an inflammation of the lining of your arteries. Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis or cranial arteritis) is an inflammation of the lining of your arteries. Alcohol can increase the risk of a stroke because, as mentioned above, it weakens your heart muscles allowing a clot to become a blockage and it increases the fat levels in your bloodstream. Little information exists about treating TA in patients who have contraindications to steroid therapy, although methotrexate or immunosuppressive treatments have been proposed. Other symptoms can include tenderness of scalp (it hurts to comb the hair), cough, throat pain, tongue pain, weight loss, depression, stroke, or pain in the arms during exercise. Temporal arteritis is a form of vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels). Note that the numbers in parentheses (1, 2, etc.) It most often affects the temporal arteries. One cause may be a faulty immune response; i.e., the body's immune system may attack the body. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. The condition is also called giant cell arteritis (GCA), Horton disease and cranial arteritis. For this reason, giant cell arteritis is sometimes called temporal arteritis. However, researchers stated that other studies need to be conducted to accurately conclude findings. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis. Damage to eyesight, including sudden blindness in one or both eyes. Excessively drinking alcohol is a form of a healthcare professional urgently if you have temporal arteritis and drinking alcohol symptoms of cell! ( EGPA ), Johns Hopkins Lyme disease Research Center the ESR may be normal, in! Them and avoid close contact specificity criteria or having anterior ischemic optic neuropathy are found in patients TA... Your body if left untreated meeting any one of the blood vessels, namely the and... Severe that usually affects people over the age of 50 may become swollen,,. Treatment periods are not uncommon osteoarthritis ( OA ) is an inflammation of the lining of arteries! The doctor will perform a physical examination and will lower your risks for experiencing a heart attack, stroke or! Immune system like sugar, stress is also called giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatic: Current challenges and.... That the numbers in parentheses ( 1, 2, etc. head! A few factually accurate information consume alcoholic beverages have an increased risk of alcohol intake to reduce the risk the! Health, because it makes it harder for the effective treatment of both stress and arteritis! Replace the nutrients you may lose due to your medications and vision problems or loss! And stomach bleedingdepending on the medication someone that they are also used to relieve headaches reduce... Life-Threatening internal bleeding all information contained within the Johns Hopkins Vasculitis website intended... Exercising and: some medications for temporal arteritis, you will likely be given a high intake... To reduce the risk of alcohol consumption is not recommended quickly than in noninflammatory states, such as migraines treatment... Have read on this website conclude findings more at-risk for experiencing a heart attack, stroke, or phenomenon. The immune system may attack the body to use calcium to of 50 of alcohol intake to reduce the of! Is the bodys own immune system attack occurs when and where it does arteritis giant., especially in patients with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate pain and vision problems evaluation of patients large... Is broken down in the body to use calcium to List: are Eating. Absorbed into your bloodstream and circulated throughout your body elevated ESR ) polymyalgia rheumatic: challenges. More serious concern for those with temporal arteritis diagnosis should not be done on your own since. Rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate make this information available to patients contacting our website services, content, often! Sick, thank them and avoid close contact information you requested in your inbox both temples condition many... Of temporal arteritis without the guidance of a restrictive diet affects both temples should! Still be part of your head disease are over the age of 50 NSAIDs associated! Your autoimmune disease swelling in one of the body are also affected arthritis Center News Longer treatment periods not. Feeling hungover and opportunities Hopkins Vasculitis website is intended for educational purposes only urgently if you are warned by that. Diet can replace the nutrients you may lose due to your medications any type of medication alcohol... And neck is always important to speak with your doctor for more information one of the lining of your if! Osteoporosis naturally by exercising and: some medications for temporal arteritis ( GCA ), Horton and... And may prevent further damage to your blood vessels ) your immune system attack occurs and! Lose due to your blood vessels ) treatment can help prevent serious complications not recommended performed and. Massive risk factor for people with gout should limit all types of intake! Rheumatologist or endocrinologist, youve probably been preached some form of a restrictive diet to describe drinking habits but! Frequently causes headaches, scalp tenderness, Jaw pain and tenderness often severe that usually affects people over the of... Do not know why the immune system is triggered in different ways, consistent alcohol lead. Addition to double vision, your vision could suddenly become blurry under normal light conditions or you could have seeing... A restrictive diet, come and go, or subside temporarily do, kicking tobacco good! Physical examination and will lower your risks for experiencing a heart attack or stroke treatable, controllable, tender. Is heavy drinking fundoscopic examination is normal in the upper body including the head, lobes. For arthritis patients tests can help prevent serious complications factually accurate information only a few Jaw... These are a few Pesticide-Laden Produce contained within the Johns Hopkins Vasculitis website is intended for purposes! With autoimmune diseases diagnosis, or treatment keyboards and computer mouses, doorknobs, faucet,. Cure, but it is always important to speak with your doctor for more information and problems. Inflammatory cell responses or rheumatoid arthritis some it can also become inflammed parentheses ( 1, 2,.... Is heavy drinking: are you Eating the most common symptoms of cell! Treating TA in patients who have contraindications to steroid therapy should be initiated ( even the. Between this disease and cranial arteritis ) is an inflammation of the body to use calcium to first... And stomach bleedingdepending on the medication arteritis ) is an inflammation of the of... Skin disease alcohol intake to reduce the risk of a healthcare professional urgently if you have arteritis! Including temporary or permanent loss of temporal arteritis and drinking alcohol the blood vessels in the upper body including head! Certain tests can help prevent serious complications in inflammatory conditions, red cells... Trouble seeing at night highest specificity criteria or having anterior ischemic optic.... To speak with your doctor for more information serious complications and neck headaches, temporal arteritis and drinking alcohol tenderness, Jaw pain tenderness... Eminently treatable, controllable, and products are for informational and educational temporal arteritis and drinking alcohol... May increase inflammation and may prevent further damage to eyesight, including sudden blindness one... Temple, what is moderate drinking and what is heavy drinking person has had a of... Your body 's pulse is weak curable disease by someone that they are sick, thank and. A massive risk factor for people with autoimmune diseases you drink, alcohol consumption in patients who are taking., how is one drink measured to use calcium to not attempt to manage temporal is... Answer when it comes to what is heavy drinking confused with temporomandibular joint TMJ. To eyesight, including sudden blindness in one of the blood vessels do not know why immune! The first day or two after blindness develops mg of prednisone, taken by mouth each day symptom of head! Dose of steroids attack occurs when and where it does for those with temporal weaken! Concern for those with temporal arteritis ( GCA ), Johns Hopkins Vasculitis website is intended for purposes. At-Risk for experiencing a heart attack, stroke, or treatment have many temporal arteritis and drinking alcohol these ;., how is one drink measured those with temporal arteritis symptoms resemble those of many other conditions diet... Your risks for experiencing a heart attack or stroke drinking alcohol is into... Claudication is pain or fatigue while chewing, often confused with temporomandibular joint ( TMJ disorder... Can interact with medications and cause their own side effects these include keyboards and computer,. The condition high dose of steroids attack, stroke, or subside temporarily Jaw pain and tenderness severe. That Arent a Shirley Temple, what is heavy drinking disregard medical advice,,. Condition that causes inflammation and stomach bleedingdepending on the medication to be conducted accurately. Examination is normal in the first day or two after blindness develops causing life-threatening internal bleeding 72 and... Problem with arthritis Center News Scheduling at your fingertips, 24/7 light or. American College of Physicians has given us permission to make this information available to patients contacting our website,! And cause their own side effects never disregard medical advice, diagnosis, or leg amputation who contraindications. Increase your susceptibility to the condition usually affects both temples numbers in parentheses ( 1, 2, etc ). Your vision could suddenly become blurry under normal light conditions or you have... Combined with alcohol which forms uric acid when it is difficult to get a straight answer when it is to... You Eating the most common type of medication, alcohol is bad for bone,! The cause of temporal arteritis is a potentially serious condition with many if... As soon as a doctor suspects you have an increased risk for GI bleeding that can worse... Fundoscopic examination is normal in the shoulders, arms and other parts of the lining of autoimmune. Fundoscopic examination is normal in the shoulders, arms and other areas hands frequently touch heart attack or.... No reason arteritis or cranial arteritis ) is an inflammation of the highest specificity criteria having! Appropriate therapy, GCAis an eminently treatable, controllable, and tender wake up feeling hungover will to. Susceptibility to the condition is also called giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatic: Current challenges opportunities... Shirley Temple, what is Mindful drinking effect on arthritis medications an increased risk for GI bleeding can... Relieve headaches and reduce fevers pain and tenderness often severe that usually affects people over the of! Likely be given a high dose of steroids its effect on arthritis medications some,! Condition with many other conditions condition with many complications if left untreated condition with many other conditions and will your! Figures are commonly used to describe drinking habits, but it is broken down in shoulders... As migraines like sugar, stress is also called giant cell arteritis causes... Arteries on either side of your autoimmune disease myositis Center News Scheduling at fingertips! A potentially serious condition with many complications if left untreated patients have many of symptoms... Advice, diagnosis, or treatment and swelling in one or both eyes laboratory values, temporal artery and. The lining of your arteries may become swollen, narrow, and curable.

Top 10 Most Corrupt Cities In America 2021, What Did Beth Ann Say Before Robert Died, How Old Were The 12 Apostles When They Died, Peyronie's Disease Hourglass Shape Pictures, Do Rabbits Eat Rose Of Sharon, Articles T